$B#62sL\!!4pACE}7WNL$r7W;;$9$k(B


Sec1.$B!!4pACE}7WNL$H$O!)(B

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$B$=$3$G!"5-=RE}7W3X$K4p$E$$$F4pACE}7WNL$H8@$&CM$r5a$a$k!#$3$l$i$r5a$a$k$3$H$K$h$C$F!"?t$G%G!<%?$N>pJs$rI=8=$9$k$3$H$,$G$-$k!#(B

$B4pACE}7WNL$K$O!"Bg$-$/J,$1$F#3u$rI=$9CM$G$"$k!#(B


Sec2.$B!!$$$m$$$m$J4pACE}7WNL(B

$B!|BeI=CM$r$b$H$a$k(B

$BBeI=CM$H$OJ8;zDL$j!"(B$B%G!<%?$NJ,I[$rBeI=$9$kCM(B$B$G$"$k!#J,I[$N(B$BCf?4E*$J0LCV(B$B$rI=$9!#(B

$B!J#1!KJ?6QCM(B(Mean, M)

$B$9$Y$F$N%G!<%?$NCM(Bxi$B$NOB$r%G!<%??t(BN$B$G3d$C$?CM!#$h$/;H$o$l$kCM$@$,!"6KC<$KBg$-$JCM$d>.$5$JCM$,4^$^$l$k$H!"%G!<%?$NBeI=CM$H$7$FITE,@Z$K$J$k!#(B

$B!J#2!KCf1{CM(B(median,Mdn)

$B%G!<%?$rBg$-$5$N=g$KJB$YBX$($?$H$-!"Cf1{0LCV$KMh$k%G!<%?$NCM!#$?$@$7!"%G!<%?$N?t$,6v?t$N$H$-$O$=$N%G!<%?$,B8:_$7$J$$!#=>$C$F!"4q?t$N>l9g!"6v?t$N>l9g$G5a$a$+$?$,0[$J$k!#(B

  1. $B%G!<%?$rBg$-$5$N=g$KJB$YBX$($k(B
  2. $B%G!<%??t(BN$B$,4q?t$N$H$-$O(B

    $B!!!!!!!!(Bxm=((N+1)/2)$BHVL\$N%G!<%?$NCM(B

    $B6v?t$N$H$-$O(B

    $B!!!!!!!!(Bxm=$B!J(Bxm-1+xm)/2

    $B!!!!!!!!$?$@$7!"(Bxm-1=N/2$BHVL\$N%G!<%?$NCM(B
    $B!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!(Bxm=(N+2)/2$BHVL\$N%G!<%?$NCM(B
$B!J#3!K:GIQCM(B(mode, Mo)

$B$b$C$H$bEY?t$NB?$$%+%F%4%j!<$rBeI=CM$H$7$?$b$N!#?MJ82J3X!"l9g$,$"$k!#$=$N$h$&$J$H$-$K$b$C$H$bEY?t$N9b$$%+%F%4%j!

$B!|;6I[EY$r$b$H$a$k(B

$B%G!<%?J,I[$N;6$i$P$j6q9g$rH?1G$9$k;XI8$G$"$k!#8D!9$N%G!<%?$,BeI=CM$N6a$/$K=8Cf$7$F$$$k$N$+!"$=$&$G$J$$$+$r8+J,$1$k;XI8!#(B

$B!J#1!KHO0O(B(range,R)

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R = $B:GBgCM(B - $B:G>.CM(B

$B!J#2!K;MJ,NN0h(B(quartile range, Q)

$B$^$:!"Cf1{CM$r$b$H$a!"Cf1{CM$H:G>.CM$N4V$NCf1{CMBh#1;MJ,0L?t(BQ1$B!"Cf1{CM$H:GBgCM$N4V$NBh#3;MJ,0L?t(BQ3$B$r5a$a$?$b$N!#Cf1{CM$,4p=`$K$J$k$N$G!"$3$NCM$r5a$a$k$H$-$OI,$:Cf1{CM$rJ;5-$9$k!#(B

$B!J#3!KJ,;6$HI8=`JP:9(B

$B8D!9$N%G!<%?(Bxi$B$HJ?6QCM&L$H$N:9$r#2>h$7$?$b$N$NAmOB$r%G!<%??t(BN$B$G3d$C$?$b$N$rJ,;6(BS$B$H$$$&!#$=$NJ?J}:,$rI8=`JP:9&R$H$$$&!#(B

$B$?$@$7!"?dB,E}7W$r9T$&>l9g$O(B(N-1)$B$G3d$C$?ITJPJ,;6!"ITJPI8=`JP:9$r$b$H$a$k!#(BSPSS$B$G7W;;$5$l$kJ,;6!"I8=`JP:9$O$3$A$i$G$"$k!#(B

$B!|J,I[$N7A>u$rCN$k(B

$B%G!<%?J,I[$N7A$,$I$l$@$1(B$B@55,J,I[(B$B$+$i0oC&$7$F$$$k$+$N$+$rI=$9;XI8!#?dB,E}7W$r9T$&>l9g$K!"%G!<%?$NJ,I[$H$7$F@55,J,I[$rA0Ds$H$7$F$$$k8!DjJ}K!$,B?$$$N$G!"J,I[$N$+$?$A$rCN$kI,MW$,$"$k!#(B

$B!J#1!KODEY(B(skewness)

$BJ,I[$NCf?4$NJP$j$rI=$9;XI8!#J,I[$,:81&BP>N$G$"$k$+$I$&$+$r8+J,$1$k;XI8!#@55,J,I[$J$i!"ODEY$O(B0$B$K$J$k!#(B

$BODEY(B = {$B-t(B(xi-$B&L(B)3/N}/$B&R(B3$B!!!!!!&L$OJ?6Q!"&R$OI8=`JP:9!"(BN$B$O%G!<%??t(B

$B!J#2!K@mEY(B(kurtosis)

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$B@mEY(B = {$B-t(B(xi-$B&L(B)4/N}/$B&R(B4$B!!!!!!&L$OJ?6Q!"&R$OI8=`JP:9!"(BN$B$O%G!<%??t(B

$B$?$@$7!"E}7W%=%U%H$K$h$C$F$O(B3$B$r0z$$$?$b$N$r@mEY$H$9$k$b$N$,$"$k!#(B


$B!|N}=,(B

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$B!|2]Bj(B6.1

$B652J=q(Bp.88$B$NLd(B5.1$B!"Ld(B5.2$B!"Ld(B5.3$B$r7W;;$7$J$5$$!#%G!<%?$OF~NO$7$?$b$N$,%k!<%`%5!<%P!<$N!V(Bytt06067$B!W$NCf$N!V(BSPSS$B!W$NCf$K!VI=(B52.sav$B!W$H$7$FCV$$$F$"$k$N$G!"$=$l$r$r%3%T!<$7$F!":n6H$7$J$5$$!#(B

$B!c2]BjDs=PJ}K!!d(B
  1. $B5a$a$?5-=RE}7WNL$r%U%!%$%k$KJ]B8$9$k!#%U%!%$%kL>$O4pK\L>$NItJ,$r!V(B$BLd(B61$B<+J,$NL>A0(B$B!W$N$h$&$K$D$1$FJ]B8$9$k!#(B
  2. $B%k!<%`%5!<%P!<$K$"$k!V(Bytt06067$B!W$NCf$N!V(BSPSS$B!W$NCf$N!V(B$B2]Bj#6(B$B!W%U%)%k%@$K%3%T!<$9$k!#(B
  3. $BDs=P$9$k%U%!%$%k$O#1$D!#(B

$B!|2]Bj(B6.2

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  1. $B4pACE}7WNL!JJ?6Q!"I8=`JP:9!"J,;6!"ODEY!"@mEY!"Cf1{CM!":GIQCM!":GBgCM!":G>.CM!K(B
  2. $B:GBgCM!":G>.CM$+$i3,5i$NBg$-$5$r(B500g$B$H$7$FEY?tJ,I[I=$r=q$1(B
  3. $B$5$i$K@55,6J@~IU$-%R%9%H%0%i%`$r=q$1(B
$B!c2]BjDs=PJ}K!!d(B
  1. $B5a$a$?4pACE}7WNLEy$r%U%!%$%k$KJ]B8$9$k!#%U%!%$%kL>$O4pK\L>$NItJ,$r!V(B$B2]Bj(B62$B<+J,$NL>A0(B$B!W$N$h$&$K$D$1$FJ]B8$9$k!#(B
  2. $B%k!<%`%5!<%P!<$K$"$k!V(Bytt06067$B!W$NCf$N!V(BSPSS$B!W$NCf$N!V(B$B2]Bj#6(B$B!W%U%)%k%@$K%3%T!<$9$k!#(B
  3. $BDs=P$9$k%U%!%$%k$O#1$D!#(B

$B!cCm0U!dB>$N?M$N%U%!%$%k$r2u$5$J$$$h$&$K$9$k$?$a!"I,$:<+J,$N%U%!%$%k$O<+J,$NL>A0$KJQ99$9$k$3$H!*(B


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(C) Copyright, Yoko Terao, 2000-2002, All right reserved.